DNA oak testing aims to prevent fraud

French scientists have developed a genotyping technology capable of identifying different oak species to ensure barrels match their stated origin.

Known as mass spectrometry, the technology can be used in kit form to identify oak wood species and check the wood’s geographic origin against its stated provenance, with plans to make it available to members of the trade including winemakers and coopers.

The vast majority of wine spends no time at all in oak, but for the premium market French oak barrels are seen as essential in imparting added flavour.

As the cost of high-quality oak has continued to rise timber auctions, claiming to carry wood taken from trees aged up to three years, have become increasingly popular bringing with it the chance of fraud.

Coupled with winemakers’ increasing desire for barrels made from oak with a specific aromatic profile, this latest technology could put the trade a step ahead of fraudsters giving added assurances to those with a stake in the industry.

In a statement the INRA said: “Forest managers will be able to guarantee the species and geographic origin of their timber with a tamperproof DNA test.

“By identifying the oak species used, winemakers will be able to enhance the maturation process of wine and spirits through increased control of the aromatic properties of the wood used for their barrels.”

Described as “flexible, quick, accurate, and cost-effective”, it is hoped the new technology will prove effective in preventing fraud and promote traceability within the industry.

The research, supported by the Xyloforest Equipment of Excellence programme, was developed by scientists at the INRA Bordeaux-Aquitaine (French National Institute for Agricultural Research).

France is the world’s largest producer of barrels accounting for 75% of worldwide production.